Nanotechnology
G.E.Krichevsky
NANOTECHNOLOGIES IN MODERN MEDICINE DOI: https://doi.org/10.22184/1993-8578.2023.16.6.328.336
Nanotechnology and other breakthrough technologies (bio-, info-, cogno-), forming the united NBIC scientific and technological cluster, is the locomotive of the development of the Sixth technological mode of the first half of the 21st century. Modern medicine, as well as many other important areas of human life, is experiencing a powerful influence of NBIC-technologies and nanotechnologies, first of all. This influence is manifested both in new methods of diagnostics and in all types of therapy.
NANOTECHNOLOGIES IN MODERN MEDICINE DOI: https://doi.org/10.22184/1993-8578.2023.16.6.328.336
Nanotechnology and other breakthrough technologies (bio-, info-, cogno-), forming the united NBIC scientific and technological cluster, is the locomotive of the development of the Sixth technological mode of the first half of the 21st century. Modern medicine, as well as many other important areas of human life, is experiencing a powerful influence of NBIC-technologies and nanotechnologies, first of all. This influence is manifested both in new methods of diagnostics and in all types of therapy.
A.I.Akhmetova, N.A.Nikitin, M.V.Arkhipenko, O.V.Karpova, I.V.Yaminsky
3D VISUALIZATION OF VIRIONS BY ATOMIC FORCE AND MICROLENS MICROSCOPY DOI: https://doi.org/10.22184/1993-8578.2023.16.6.338.344
Plant viruses do not have common pathogens with mammals, and therefore in recent years the development of medical and veterinary biotechnologies based on them has been actively developed. Such developments include the creation of platforms for functionally active molecules, drug delivery vehicles and biocontrast agents. The study of the structure, morphology and structural features of the surface of viral particles is an important area that makes it possible to develop new effective methods for combating viral infections and related tools of molecular medicine. In this work, the structure and properties of tobacco mosaic virus particles as a model object were studied using AFM. AFM has been demonstrated to be a suitable tool for studying viral particles.
3D VISUALIZATION OF VIRIONS BY ATOMIC FORCE AND MICROLENS MICROSCOPY DOI: https://doi.org/10.22184/1993-8578.2023.16.6.338.344
Plant viruses do not have common pathogens with mammals, and therefore in recent years the development of medical and veterinary biotechnologies based on them has been actively developed. Such developments include the creation of platforms for functionally active molecules, drug delivery vehicles and biocontrast agents. The study of the structure, morphology and structural features of the surface of viral particles is an important area that makes it possible to develop new effective methods for combating viral infections and related tools of molecular medicine. In this work, the structure and properties of tobacco mosaic virus particles as a model object were studied using AFM. AFM has been demonstrated to be a suitable tool for studying viral particles.
Tags: bionanoscopy physics of living systems scanning probe microscopy tobacco mosaic virus virion бионаноскопия вирион вирус табачной мозаики сканирующая зондовая микроскопия физика живых систем
A.V.Blinov, Z.A.Rekhman, A.A.Gvozdenko, A.B.Golik, A.A.Blinova, Ya.A.Oblogin
SYNTHESIS OF SELENIUM NANOPARTICLES STABILIZED WITH SODIUM ALPHA-OLEFIN SULFONATE DOI: https://doi.org/10.22184/1993-8578.2023.16.6.346.353
In this study, we performed the synthesis and optimization of the procedure for obtaining selenium nanoparticles stabilized with sodium alpha-olefin sulfonate (AOS). Nanosized selenium was obtained by chemical reduction with ascorbic acid in an aqueous medium. Selenious acid acted as the selenium-containing precursor. As a result, the optimizing synthesis technique, it was found that sample No. 9 is optimal for studying the effect of active acidity medium and ionic strength on aggregative stability. As a result of a multifactorial experiment, the optimal parameters for the synthesis of selenium nanoparticles were established. Due to the computer quantum-chemical modeling, it was established that interaction process between a selenium molecule and sodium alpha-olefin sulfonate (AOS) is energetically favorable. It is shown that the sol of selenium nanoparticles is stable in a neutral medium, and also that aggregative stability is significantly affected by three-charged positive Fe3 + ions.
SYNTHESIS OF SELENIUM NANOPARTICLES STABILIZED WITH SODIUM ALPHA-OLEFIN SULFONATE DOI: https://doi.org/10.22184/1993-8578.2023.16.6.346.353
In this study, we performed the synthesis and optimization of the procedure for obtaining selenium nanoparticles stabilized with sodium alpha-olefin sulfonate (AOS). Nanosized selenium was obtained by chemical reduction with ascorbic acid in an aqueous medium. Selenious acid acted as the selenium-containing precursor. As a result, the optimizing synthesis technique, it was found that sample No. 9 is optimal for studying the effect of active acidity medium and ionic strength on aggregative stability. As a result of a multifactorial experiment, the optimal parameters for the synthesis of selenium nanoparticles were established. Due to the computer quantum-chemical modeling, it was established that interaction process between a selenium molecule and sodium alpha-olefin sulfonate (AOS) is energetically favorable. It is shown that the sol of selenium nanoparticles is stable in a neutral medium, and also that aggregative stability is significantly affected by three-charged positive Fe3 + ions.
Tags: alpha-olefin sulfonate quantum-chemical modeling reducing agent selenium nanoparticles sol альфа-олефин сульфонат восстановитель золь квантово-химическое моделирование наночастицы селена
O.A.Farus
EVALUATION OF THE EFFECT OF SILVER NANOPARTICLES ON THE GROWTH AND DOI: https://doi.org/10.22184/1993-8578.2023.16.6.354.361
The work is devoted to the issues of assessing the degree of stimulating effect of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) on cress seeds and seedlings. As part of the study, a solution of silver nanoparticles obtained in a polyvinyl alcohol matrix was used for stimulation, ascorbic acid was used as a reducing agent, which makes it possible to classify the synthesized solutions as "green nanotechnologies". The use of silver nanoparticles in agriculture can improve the immunity of plants. This effect is due to bactericidal, bacteriostatic, fungicidal and antiviral properties of silver nanoparticles. In addition, silver nanoparticles are exogenous elicitors; therefore, they have a growth-stimulating effect. The results of the study show that the applied solutions of silver nanoparticles increase the energy of germination and seed germination, increase the biomass of dry matter, and the concentration of vitamin C in the ground part of cress. The greatest degree of accumulation of silver in the case of cress is observed in the roots. In this case, the excess of the permissible concentration of silver is not observed.
EVALUATION OF THE EFFECT OF SILVER NANOPARTICLES ON THE GROWTH AND DOI: https://doi.org/10.22184/1993-8578.2023.16.6.354.361
The work is devoted to the issues of assessing the degree of stimulating effect of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) on cress seeds and seedlings. As part of the study, a solution of silver nanoparticles obtained in a polyvinyl alcohol matrix was used for stimulation, ascorbic acid was used as a reducing agent, which makes it possible to classify the synthesized solutions as "green nanotechnologies". The use of silver nanoparticles in agriculture can improve the immunity of plants. This effect is due to bactericidal, bacteriostatic, fungicidal and antiviral properties of silver nanoparticles. In addition, silver nanoparticles are exogenous elicitors; therefore, they have a growth-stimulating effect. The results of the study show that the applied solutions of silver nanoparticles increase the energy of germination and seed germination, increase the biomass of dry matter, and the concentration of vitamin C in the ground part of cress. The greatest degree of accumulation of silver in the case of cress is observed in the roots. In this case, the excess of the permissible concentration of silver is not observed.
Tags: cress seeds elicitor green technologies silver nanoparticles зеленые технологии кресс-салат наночастицы серебра элиситор
A.Kh.Abduev, A.Sh.Asvarov, A.K.Akhmedov, E.K.Murliev
ANALYSIS OF DEPOSITION METHODS FOR ZnO BASED AMORPHOUS FUNCTIONAL LAYERS FOR TRANSPARENT ELECTRONICS DEVICES DOI: https://doi.org/10.22184/1993-8578.2023.16.6.362.368
The processes of growth of nanocrystalline and amorphous ZnO-based thin films by magnetron sputtering method are analyzed. The effect of doping components and the level of doping on the degree of film amorphization has been studied. The effect of hydrogen in the composition of the atmosphere on the structural perfection of the deposited ZnO-based thin films is considered. The dependence of the structure of ZnO–SnO2 thin films on the component ratio in sputtered targets is shown. The mechanisms of of ZnO-based amorphous formation films by magnetron sputtering methods are discussed.
ANALYSIS OF DEPOSITION METHODS FOR ZnO BASED AMORPHOUS FUNCTIONAL LAYERS FOR TRANSPARENT ELECTRONICS DEVICES DOI: https://doi.org/10.22184/1993-8578.2023.16.6.362.368
The processes of growth of nanocrystalline and amorphous ZnO-based thin films by magnetron sputtering method are analyzed. The effect of doping components and the level of doping on the degree of film amorphization has been studied. The effect of hydrogen in the composition of the atmosphere on the structural perfection of the deposited ZnO-based thin films is considered. The dependence of the structure of ZnO–SnO2 thin films on the component ratio in sputtered targets is shown. The mechanisms of of ZnO-based amorphous formation films by magnetron sputtering methods are discussed.
Tags: amorphization deposition doping magnetron sputtering thin film zno аморфизация магнетронное распыление напыление примесь тонкая пленка
N.E.Ledentsova, D.V.Bychkov, I.P.Li, A.V.Shumanov, V.I.Kapustin
RESEARCHING CONDITIONS FOR FORMATION OF FILAMENTOUS NANOSCALE CRYSTALS ON SURFACES OF FIELD EMISSION CATHODES OF MAGNETRONS WITH INITIAL START DOI: https://doi.org/10.22184/1993-8578.2023.16.6.370.377
The launch of magnetrons with instant start into the generation mode is due to the current of field emission from nanoscale crystals, formed on the surface of tantalum field emisson cathodes during the cathode-heating unit (CHU) activation. When the current level is not sufficient to launch the magnetron, cathodes should additionally trained in diode. This process increases magnetron cycle time and includes the use of extra production resources. This work reflects the results of studies of the influence of surface defects of tantalum washers artificially created by ion and chemical etching on the growth processes of nanowhiskers. Possibility of using tungsten and niobium washers as autocathodes for magnetrons with "cold" cathode is considered.
RESEARCHING CONDITIONS FOR FORMATION OF FILAMENTOUS NANOSCALE CRYSTALS ON SURFACES OF FIELD EMISSION CATHODES OF MAGNETRONS WITH INITIAL START DOI: https://doi.org/10.22184/1993-8578.2023.16.6.370.377
The launch of magnetrons with instant start into the generation mode is due to the current of field emission from nanoscale crystals, formed on the surface of tantalum field emisson cathodes during the cathode-heating unit (CHU) activation. When the current level is not sufficient to launch the magnetron, cathodes should additionally trained in diode. This process increases magnetron cycle time and includes the use of extra production resources. This work reflects the results of studies of the influence of surface defects of tantalum washers artificially created by ion and chemical etching on the growth processes of nanowhiskers. Possibility of using tungsten and niobium washers as autocathodes for magnetrons with "cold" cathode is considered.
Tags: etching field emission magnetron nanowhiskers pd-ba cathodes pd-ba-катоды автоэлектронная эмиссия магнетрон нановискеры травление
M.R.Sultanova, I.A.Remizov, A.A.Levchenko
INTERACTION OF INJECTED CHARGES WITH QUANTUM VORTICES IN SUPERFLUID HELIUM NEAR THE SURFACE DOI: https://doi.org/10.22184/1993-8578.2023.16.6.378.383
The motion of injected negative charges under free liquid surface, as well as in superfluid He-II volume at temperatures T ≈ 1.5 K in static electric fields of different configuration has been experimentally investigated. It is found, that in case of electric field configuration, which presses the charges to the He-II free surface there is a noticeable deviation of current density distribution from given by electric field, and in case of configuration when the charges move in the He-II volume, current density coincides with the electric field force lines.
INTERACTION OF INJECTED CHARGES WITH QUANTUM VORTICES IN SUPERFLUID HELIUM NEAR THE SURFACE DOI: https://doi.org/10.22184/1993-8578.2023.16.6.378.383
The motion of injected negative charges under free liquid surface, as well as in superfluid He-II volume at temperatures T ≈ 1.5 K in static electric fields of different configuration has been experimentally investigated. It is found, that in case of electric field configuration, which presses the charges to the He-II free surface there is a noticeable deviation of current density distribution from given by electric field, and in case of configuration when the charges move in the He-II volume, current density coincides with the electric field force lines.
Tags: charged liquid surface quantum vortices subsurface charges superfluid helium заряды под поверхностью заряженная поверхность жидкости квантовые вихри сверхтекучий гелий
V.B.Efimov, A.A.Esina
FORMATION OF QUANTUM VORTICES IN SUPERFLUID HELIUM DOI: https://doi.org/10.22184/1993-8578.2023.16.6.384.392
A several methods are used for formation of quantum vortices in superfluid helium, including oscillation bodies placed in a liquid helium. In the article we analyze the features of these methods, presents the possibilities of their application for the study of liquids, the transition of the flows into a turbulent state, and the use of such oscillators in technology.
FORMATION OF QUANTUM VORTICES IN SUPERFLUID HELIUM DOI: https://doi.org/10.22184/1993-8578.2023.16.6.384.392
A several methods are used for formation of quantum vortices in superfluid helium, including oscillation bodies placed in a liquid helium. In the article we analyze the features of these methods, presents the possibilities of their application for the study of liquids, the transition of the flows into a turbulent state, and the use of such oscillators in technology.
Tags: quantized vortices quartz tuning fork second sound superfluid helium второй звук квантованные вихри кварцевый камертон сверхтекучий гелий
Education
A.I.Akhmetova, D.I.Yaminsky, T.O.Sovetnikov, A.I.Fedoseev, I.V.Yaminsky
YICC AS A CENTER OF ATTRACTION FOR TALENTED SCHOOLCHILDREN AND STUDENTS DOI: https://doi.org/10.22184/1993-8578.2023.16.6.394.399
The lack of necessary specialized skills and practice makes it difficult for today’s high-tech students to find employment. A wide range of competencies may be required here. In nanotechnology, it is necessary to be well versed in the properties of materials and objects on the nanometer scale. When developing high-precision mechanical systems, it is necessary to have experience using CAD and CAM systems, multi-axis machining centers with numerical control. Formation of a platform for the development of special competencies in the areas demanded in science and business for students is a necessary and urgent step in successful innovation infrastructure development. Lomonosov Moscow State University has such a platform – it is the Youth Innovation Creativity Center "Nanotechnologies" at Physical department.
YICC AS A CENTER OF ATTRACTION FOR TALENTED SCHOOLCHILDREN AND STUDENTS DOI: https://doi.org/10.22184/1993-8578.2023.16.6.394.399
The lack of necessary specialized skills and practice makes it difficult for today’s high-tech students to find employment. A wide range of competencies may be required here. In nanotechnology, it is necessary to be well versed in the properties of materials and objects on the nanometer scale. When developing high-precision mechanical systems, it is necessary to have experience using CAD and CAM systems, multi-axis machining centers with numerical control. Formation of a platform for the development of special competencies in the areas demanded in science and business for students is a necessary and urgent step in successful innovation infrastructure development. Lomonosov Moscow State University has such a platform – it is the Youth Innovation Creativity Center "Nanotechnologies" at Physical department.